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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.

results per page:
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Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Nov. 8, 2023 IL HB 2473 Authorizes Construction of New Small Modular Nuclear Reactors Bill Passed - Senate (44 - 7)
Nov. 8, 2023 MI SB 271 Requires Consumers Energy and DTE Energy to Reach 80% Carbon-Free Electricity by 2035 and 100% by 2040 Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 17)
Nov. 8, 2023 MI SB 273 Increases Energy-Efficiency Improvement Requirements of State Utilities from 1% to 1.5% Per Year Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 15)
Nov. 8, 2023 MI HB 5120 Authorizes the Michigan Public Service Commission Power Over Clean-Energy Projects Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
Nov. 8, 2023 National S J Res 38 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Federal Highway Administration relating to "Waiver of Buy America Requirements for Electric Vehicle Chargers". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (50 - 48)
Oct. 26, 2023 MI SB 502 Requires the Utilities Efficiency Program To Be Equitable, Reliable, and Affordable Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
Sept. 14, 2023 CA AB 1373 Appropriates Funding for Various State Clean Energy Programs Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 10)
Sept. 13, 2023 CA AB 1167 Prohibits Oil Well Owners from Transferring Ownership to Another Unless They File for a Bond Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 11)
July 25, 2023 ME LD 1895 Establishes Rules Regarding Procurement of Energy from Offshore Wind Resources Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 8)
June 22, 2023 ME LD 1986 Establishes the Net Energy Billing and Distributed Solar and Energy Storage Systems "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (20 - 13)
June 9, 2023 NY S 6218 Authorizes the Connection of Offshore Wind Farms to the State Power Grid on Long Island Bill Passed - Senate (42 - 21)
June 7, 2023 WI AB 141 Prohibits Local Restrictions on Clean Energy Devices Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 11)
June 7, 2023 WI AB 142 Prohibits Local Restrictions on Motor Vehicles Based on Energy Sources Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 11)
June 7, 2023 WI SB 49 Prohibits Local Governments from Blocking Utility Services based on the Type of Energy Source Provided Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 11)
May 25, 2023 IL HB 3445 Amends Power Line Construction Regulation in Southern Illinois Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 9)
May 24, 2023 TX HB 5 Establishes Economic Incentives for Oil and Gas Companies Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 4)
May 22, 2023 TX HB 33 Establishes the State of Texas as a Sanctuary State for Oil and Gas Companies Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 2)
May 22, 2023 CA SB 674 Requires Community Air Monitoring Systems be Installed Near Petroleum Refineries Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 6)
May 19, 2023 IL SB 76 Repeals the Moratorium on New Nuclear Power Plant Construction Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (36 - 14)
May 18, 2023 DE SB 103 Requires All New Home Construction Have Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Bill Passed - Senate (15 - 5)
May 16, 2023 TX HB 2127 Prohibits Cities From Passing any Heat-Related Ordinances Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 13)
May 11, 2023 IL SB 1769 Requires State Government Vehicles be Zero Emission by 2030 Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 20)
May 10, 2023 TX HB 591 Authorizes Tax Exemptions for Companies that Use Otherwise Wasted Gas Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 4)
May 9, 2023 VT S 5 Establishes State Clean Energy Heat Standards Veto Override Passed - Senate (20 - 10)
May 8, 2023 CO SB 23-291 Limits Utility Companies from Charging Ratepayers for Certain Lobbying and Marketing Costs Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (24 - 11)
May 3, 2023 IA HF 605 Establishes Energy Benchmark Requirements for Private Properties Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 16)
May 3, 2023 National H J Res 39 Disapproving the rule submitted by the Department of Commerce relating to "Procedures Covering Suspension of Liquidation, Duties and Estimated Duties in Accord with Presidential Proclamation 10414" Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (56 - 41)
May 2, 2023 TX SB 258 Establishes a 1% State Energy Savings Goal by 2030 Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 13)
April 19, 2023 WA HB 1756 Amends Tax Rules Concerning Clean Energies and Increased Revenue to Local Governments, Schools, and Communities Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 15)
April 10, 2023 MD SB 781 Expands Offshore Wind Energy Production Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (35 - 12)
April 5, 2023 TX SB 6 Establishes the Texas Energy Insurance Program Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 9)
April 5, 2023 TX SB 2015 Establishes a 50% Dispatchable Energy Generation Goal for the ERCOT Grid Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 15)
April 5, 2023 TX SB 1287 Requires the Texas Public Utility Commission (PUC) Establish a Cost Cap to Reduce Transmission Costs for Consumers Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 12)
March 30, 2023 VT S 42 Requires State Pension Funds Divest from the Fossil Fuel Industry Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 8)
March 22, 2023 ND HB 1286 Repeals the Higher Tax Rate on Oil Producers when Commodity Prices Rise Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 10)
March 6, 2023 IA SF 411 Amends Regulation of Energy Sources by Counties and Cities Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 6)
March 2, 2023 KY SB 4 Requires Permission from the Kentucky Public Service Commission before Retiring Fossil Fuel Electric Generators Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 8)
March 2, 2023 MT SB 208 Prohibits Local Governments from Banning or Limiting Energy Choices Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 17)
March 2, 2023 KY SB 4 Requires Permission from the Kentucky Public Service Commission before Retiring Fossil Fuel Electric Generators Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 8)
March 2, 2023 VT S 5 Establishes State Clean Energy Heat Standards Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 10)
Feb. 27, 2023 GA SB 145 Prohibits Local Ordinances Against Gas Powered Leaf Blowers Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 16)
Feb. 16, 2023 VA HB 2444 Authorizes Offshore Wind Farm Energy Capacity Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 2)
Feb. 15, 2023 ND SB 2089 Appropriates $7.5 Million to Oil Companies to Reduce Natural Gas Flaring Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 5)
Jan. 11, 2023 PA SB 35 Repeals the Automatic Gas Tax Increase for 2023 and Permanently Sets the Wholesale Price of Gas at $2.99 Per Gallon Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 19)
Date No. Title Outcome
11/08 HB 2473 Authorizes Construction of New Small Modular Nuclear Reactors Bill Passed - Senate (44 - 7)
11/08 SB 271 Requires Consumers Energy and DTE Energy to Reach 80% Carbon-Free Electricity by 2035 and 100% by 2040 Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 17)
11/08 SB 273 Increases Energy-Efficiency Improvement Requirements of State Utilities from 1% to 1.5% Per Year Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 15)
11/08 HB 5120 Authorizes the Michigan Public Service Commission Power Over Clean-Energy Projects Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
11/08 S J Res 38 A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Federal Highway Administration relating to "Waiver of Buy America Requirements for Electric Vehicle Chargers". Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (50 - 48)
10/26 SB 502 Requires the Utilities Efficiency Program To Be Equitable, Reliable, and Affordable Bill Passed - Senate (20 - 18)
9/14 AB 1373 Appropriates Funding for Various State Clean Energy Programs Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 10)
9/13 AB 1167 Prohibits Oil Well Owners from Transferring Ownership to Another Unless They File for a Bond Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 11)
7/25 LD 1895 Establishes Rules Regarding Procurement of Energy from Offshore Wind Resources Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 8)
6/22 LD 1986 Establishes the Net Energy Billing and Distributed Solar and Energy Storage Systems "Ought to Pass" Report Adopted - Senate (20 - 13)
6/09 S 6218 Authorizes the Connection of Offshore Wind Farms to the State Power Grid on Long Island Bill Passed - Senate (42 - 21)
6/07 AB 141 Prohibits Local Restrictions on Clean Energy Devices Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 11)
6/07 AB 142 Prohibits Local Restrictions on Motor Vehicles Based on Energy Sources Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 11)
6/07 SB 49 Prohibits Local Governments from Blocking Utility Services based on the Type of Energy Source Provided Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 11)
5/25 HB 3445 Amends Power Line Construction Regulation in Southern Illinois Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 9)
5/24 HB 5 Establishes Economic Incentives for Oil and Gas Companies Bill Passed - Senate (27 - 4)
5/22 HB 33 Establishes the State of Texas as a Sanctuary State for Oil and Gas Companies Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 2)
5/22 SB 674 Requires Community Air Monitoring Systems be Installed Near Petroleum Refineries Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 6)
5/19 SB 76 Repeals the Moratorium on New Nuclear Power Plant Construction Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (36 - 14)
5/18 SB 103 Requires All New Home Construction Have Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Bill Passed - Senate (15 - 5)
5/16 HB 2127 Prohibits Cities From Passing any Heat-Related Ordinances Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 13)
5/11 SB 1769 Requires State Government Vehicles be Zero Emission by 2030 Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 20)
5/10 HB 591 Authorizes Tax Exemptions for Companies that Use Otherwise Wasted Gas Bill Passed - Senate (26 - 4)
5/09 S 5 Establishes State Clean Energy Heat Standards Veto Override Passed - Senate (20 - 10)
5/08 SB 23-291 Limits Utility Companies from Charging Ratepayers for Certain Lobbying and Marketing Costs Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (24 - 11)
5/03 HF 605 Establishes Energy Benchmark Requirements for Private Properties Bill Passed - Senate (31 - 16)
5/03 H J Res 39 Disapproving the rule submitted by the Department of Commerce relating to "Procedures Covering Suspension of Liquidation, Duties and Estimated Duties in Accord with Presidential Proclamation 10414" Joint Resolution Passed - Senate (56 - 41)
5/02 SB 258 Establishes a 1% State Energy Savings Goal by 2030 Bill Passed - Senate (18 - 13)
4/19 HB 1756 Amends Tax Rules Concerning Clean Energies and Increased Revenue to Local Governments, Schools, and Communities Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 15)
4/10 SB 781 Expands Offshore Wind Energy Production Concurrence Vote Passed - Senate (35 - 12)
4/05 SB 6 Establishes the Texas Energy Insurance Program Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 9)
4/05 SB 2015 Establishes a 50% Dispatchable Energy Generation Goal for the ERCOT Grid Bill Passed - Senate (21 - 15)
4/05 SB 1287 Requires the Texas Public Utility Commission (PUC) Establish a Cost Cap to Reduce Transmission Costs for Consumers Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 12)
3/30 S 42 Requires State Pension Funds Divest from the Fossil Fuel Industry Bill Passed - Senate (22 - 8)
3/22 HB 1286 Repeals the Higher Tax Rate on Oil Producers when Commodity Prices Rise Bill Passed - Senate (36 - 10)
3/06 SF 411 Amends Regulation of Energy Sources by Counties and Cities Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 6)
3/02 SB 4 Requires Permission from the Kentucky Public Service Commission before Retiring Fossil Fuel Electric Generators Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 8)
3/02 SB 208 Prohibits Local Governments from Banning or Limiting Energy Choices Bill Passed - Senate (33 - 17)
3/02 SB 4 Requires Permission from the Kentucky Public Service Commission before Retiring Fossil Fuel Electric Generators Bill Passed - Senate (25 - 8)
3/02 S 5 Establishes State Clean Energy Heat Standards Bill Passed - Senate (19 - 10)
2/27 SB 145 Prohibits Local Ordinances Against Gas Powered Leaf Blowers Bill Passed - Senate (37 - 16)
2/16 HB 2444 Authorizes Offshore Wind Farm Energy Capacity Bill Passed - Senate (38 - 2)
2/15 SB 2089 Appropriates $7.5 Million to Oil Companies to Reduce Natural Gas Flaring Bill Passed - Senate (41 - 5)
1/11 SB 35 Repeals the Automatic Gas Tax Increase for 2023 and Permanently Sets the Wholesale Price of Gas at $2.99 Per Gallon Bill Passed - Senate (29 - 19)
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