Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


results per page:
Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
May 1, 2024 PA HB 847 Authorizes Election Officials to Begin Counting Mail-In Ballots 7 Days Before an Election Bill Passed - House (102 - 99)
April 20, 2024 National HR 8036 Indo-Pacific Security Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2024 Bill Passed - House (385 - 34)
April 20, 2024 CO HB 24-1349 Authorizes a Ballot Proposal to Establish a 9% Excise Tax on Ammo Vendors, Gun Dealers and Firearms Manufacturers Bill Passed - House (44 - 18)
April 20, 2024 National HR 8034 Israel Security Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2024 Bill Passed - House (366 - 58)
April 17, 2024 National HR 4639 Fourth Amendment is Not For Sale Act Bill Passed - House (219 - 199)
April 11, 2024 National S 382 Puyallup Tribe of Indians Land Into Trust Confirmation Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (301 - 15)
April 2, 2024 ME LD 1578 Requires Adoption of the Interstate Compact to Elect the President of the United States by National Popular Vote Concurrence Vote Passed - House (73 - 72)
March 28, 2024 GA SB 479 Establishes Guidelines to Raise and Standardize Pay for Judges Conference Report Adopted - House (117 - 50)
March 28, 2024 GA HB 1105 Establishes Penalties for Sheriff's that Refuse to Follow Federal Immigration Orders Concurrence Vote Passed - House (99 - 75)
March 28, 2024 GA HB 1207 Requires Proofing of Ballots By Local Superintendents in Certain Races Concurrence Vote Passed - House (100 - 75)
March 28, 2024 GA SB 189 Establishes New Rules and Regulations for Challenging Voter Qualifications Bill Passed - House (101 - 73)
March 27, 2024 ID S 1377 Requires Paid Signature Gatherers to Disclose that They are Being Paid Bill Passed - House (54 - 16)
March 27, 2024 MO HB 2142 Expands Broadband Internet Access for Rural Communities Bill Passed - House (146 - 0)
March 27, 2024 MO HB 2628 Prohibits Distributing False Media Messages for Any Political Candidate within 90 Days of an Election Bill Passed - House (133 - 5)
March 21, 2024 IA HF 2612 Establishes Provisions to Area Educational Agencies Concurrence Vote Passed - House (51 - 43)
March 14, 2024 TN HB 2124 Requires Local Law Enforcement Cooperation with Federal Immigration Authorities Bill Passed - House (74 - 22)
March 12, 2024 National HR 6276 USE IT Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (217 - 203)
March 11, 2024 ID H 599 Prohibits Ballot Harvesting Bill Passed - House (58 - 11)
March 11, 2024 ID H 599 Prohibits Ballot Harvesting Bill Passed - House (58 - 11)
March 9, 2024 WV SB 624 Rescinds Voter Registration Records for individuals Who Move out of the State or Receive a Driver's License in Another Concurrence Vote Passed - House (96 - 1)
March 9, 2024 WV HB 4350 Repeals State Policy Allowing Individuals to File Candidacy for a Vacant Public Office After the Filing Deadline Concurrence Vote Passed - House (83 - 12)
March 8, 2024 WV HB 4552 Requires Candidates in Partisan Elections to Immediately Verify Their Party Affiliation Concurrence Vote Passed - House (96 - 1)
March 7, 2024 AL SB 1 Prohibits Assistance with Absentee Voting Bill Passed - House (75 - 28)
March 7, 2024 TN HB 1931 Repeals Local Police Policies Bill Passed - House (68 - 24)
March 7, 2024 MS HB 1609 Authorizes Voter Restoration for Individuals Previously Convicted of Non-Violent Felonies Bill Passed - House (96 - 11)
March 6, 2024 IN HB 1338 Authorizes Increased Control Over Meeting Decorum Concurrence Vote Passed - House (58 - 36)
March 6, 2024 OR SB 1533 Requires the Secretary of State Translate Voter Pamphlets into the 10 Most Common Languages in the State Bill Passed - House (45 - 9)
March 6, 2024 WY SF 27 Establishes Public Service Commission Integrated Resource Plans Bill Passed - House (35 - 27)
March 6, 2024 National HR 3821 Firefighter Cancer Registry Reauthorization Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (413 - 7)
March 6, 2024 National H Res 1061 Providing for the concurrence by the House in the Senate amendment to H.R. 4366, with an amendment Resolution Passed - House (339 - 85)
March 6, 2024 MS HB 1156 Expands Laws for Polling Places Bill Passed - House (122 - 0)
March 6, 2024 MS HB 1156 Expands Laws for Polling Places Bill Passed - House (122 - 0)
March 5, 2024 SD HB 1244 Authorizes Individuals to Withdraw Their Signatures from Ballot-Question Petitions Concurrence Vote Passed - House (60 - 10)
March 5, 2024 OR SB 1571 Requires Disclosure of AI in Political Campaign Advertisements Bill Passed - House (52 - 3)
March 5, 2024 IA HF 2610 Amends Voter Laws in Iowa Bill Passed - House (62 - 35)
March 5, 2024 IA HF 2612 Establishes Provisions to Area Educational Agencies Bill Passed - House (53 - 41)
March 4, 2024 IN SB 234 Amends Disaster Emergency Powers for the Governor Bill Passed - House (71 - 27)
March 4, 2024 KY HB 622 Repeals the Governor's Authority to Fill a Vacant U.S. Senate Seat and Instead Require a Special Election Bill Passed - House (88 - 4)
March 4, 2024 KY HB 622 Repeals the Governor's Authority to Fill a Vacant U.S. Senate Seat and Instead Require a Special Election Bill Passed - House (88 - 4)
Feb. 29, 2024 SD SB 47 Increases Amount Paid to Counties for Diversion Programs to Keep Juvenile Offenders out of the Justice System Bill Passed - House (56 - 12)
Feb. 29, 2024 SD SB 49 Appropriates $10 Million from Remaining American Rescue Plan Act Funding for Water and Sewer Infrastructure Bill Passed - House (58 - 11)
Feb. 29, 2024 AZ HB 2876 Repeals No-Excuse Mail-In Voting Bill Passed - House (31 - 28)
Feb. 29, 2024 GA HB 1105 Establishes Penalties for Sheriff's that Refuse to Follow Federal Immigration Orders Bill Passed - House (97 - 74)
Feb. 29, 2024 National HR 7463 Extension of Continuing Appropriations and Other Matters Act, 2024 Bill Passed - House (320 - 99)
Feb. 28, 2024 UT SB 268 Authorizes Cities to Create First Home Investment Zones Bill Passed - House (55 - 18)
Feb. 28, 2024 AK HB 89 Expands Childcare Assistance Program Eligibility Bill Passed - House (35 - 5)
Feb. 28, 2024 National HR 4984 D.C. Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Stadium Campus Revitalization Act Bill Passed - House (348 - 55)
Feb. 27, 2024 UT SB 240 Specifies Daily Calendars for State Elected Officials are No Longer Considered Public Government Records Bill Passed - House (52 - 22)
Feb. 27, 2024 UT SB 240 Specifies Daily Calendars for State Elected Officials are No Longer Considered Public Government Records Bill Passed - House (52 - 22)
Feb. 27, 2024 UT SB 240 Specifies Daily Calendars for State Elected Officials are No Longer Considered Public Government Records Bill Passed - House (52 - 22)
Feb. 26, 2024 SD HB 1061 Appropriates $4.28 Million to the Emergency and Disaster Fund for National Guard Troop Deployment to the Texas Border Bill Passed - House (63 - 5)
Feb. 23, 2024 UT HB 496 Requires the Public Lands Policy Coordinating Office Recognize Multiple Uses and Sustained Yields on Federal Public Lands Bill Passed - House (62 - 4)
Feb. 22, 2024 MO HB 1749 Amends Statutes for Initiative Petitions and Referendums Bill Passed - House (104 - 41)
Feb. 21, 2024 UT HB 11 Limits the Use of "Nonfunctional" Grass in the Construction of New Government Buildings Concurrence Vote Passed - House (59 - 12)
Feb. 20, 2024 WI AJR 112 Prohibits the Governor from Using Partial Veto to Create or Increase any Tax or Fee Joint Resolution Passed - House (64 - 34)
Feb. 15, 2024 WI AJR 109 Prohibits Governments from Giving Preferential Treatment to Staff on the Basis of Race, Sex, or National Origin Joint Resolution Passed - House (62 - 35)
Feb. 14, 2024 NM SB 108 Requires the Election Fund be Reimbursed by the General Fund for All Election Costs Bill Passed - House (59 - 5)
Feb. 14, 2024 NM SB 5 Prohibits Fireams at State Drop Boxes and Polling Places Bill Passed - House (35 - 34)
Feb. 13, 2024 National H Res 863 Impeaching Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas, Secretary of Homeland Security, for high crimes and misdemeanors Resolution Passed - House (214 - 213)
Feb. 13, 2024 WV SB 171 Prohibits County Commissions from Authorizing Limits that Exceed State Law Regarding Agriculture Bill Passed - House (84 - 16)
Feb. 13, 2024 WI SB 488 Establishes the 2024 State Legislative District Map Bill Passed - House (63 - 33)
Feb. 13, 2024 National H Res 863 Impeaching Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas, Secretary of Homeland Security, for high crimes and misdemeanors Resolution Passed - House (214 - 213)
Feb. 13, 2024 NM SB 15 Requires State Review of All Healthcare Mergers, Acquisitions, and Other Material Changes Bill Passed - House (47 - 20)
Feb. 12, 2024 NM HB 182 Amends the State Campaign Reporting Act to Require Disclaimers on "Materially Deceptive Media" Bill Passed - House (38 - 28)
Feb. 8, 2024 AZ HB 2785 Requires the Department of Administration to Coordinate with State Agencies Concerning Elections Bill Passed - House (56 - 2)
Feb. 6, 2024 National H Res 863 Impeaching Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas, Secretary of Homeland Security, for high crimes and misdemeanors Resolution Failed - House (214 - 216)
Feb. 6, 2024 National H Res 863 Impeaching Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas, Secretary of Homeland Security, for high crimes and misdemeanors Resolution Failed - House (214 - 216)
Feb. 5, 2024 UT HJR 19 Establishes the Legislature's support of Sen. Mike Lee's HOUSES Act Joint Resolution Passed - House (60 - 12)
Feb. 2, 2024 AK HB 129 Amends Voter Registration Rules in Alaska Bill Passed - House (33 - 6)
Feb. 1, 2024 FL HR 1209 Authorizes State Disassociation from Council on American-Islamic Relations Resolution Passed - House (98 - 15)
Jan. 30, 2024 KY HB 341 Prohibits Non-Citizens from Voting in an Election Bill Passed - House (81 - 15)
Jan. 26, 2024 UT HB 261 Repeals Diversity Training Programs Across All Public Education and Government Agencies in the State Concurrence Vote Passed - House (60 - 14)
Jan. 25, 2024 GA HB 30 Defines "Antisemitism" into State Law Concurrence Vote Passed - House (129 - 5)
Jan. 24, 2024 WI AB 415 Establishes a 5-Member Advisory Commission to Examine State Legislative District Maps Concurrence Vote Passed - House (63 - 35)
Jan. 24, 2024 WI AB 415 Establishes a 5-Member Advisory Commission to Examine State Legislative District Maps Concurrence Vote Passed - House (63 - 35)
Jan. 24, 2024 MS HCR 11 Prohibits Changes to the State's Constitution Joint Resolution Passed - House (80 - 39)
Jan. 18, 2024 National HR 2872 Making further continuing appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2024, and for other purposes. Concurrence Vote Passed - House (314 - 108)
Jan. 11, 2024 National HR 788 Stop Settlement Slush Funds Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (211 - 197)
Jan. 9, 2024 FL HCR 703 Authorizes a Call for a Constitutional Convention to Pass a Balanced Budget Amendment Joint Resolution Passed - House (80 - 33)
Jan. 8, 2024 NJ A 5910 Increases Annual Legislature Salaries Starting in 2026 Bill Passed - House (48 - 24)
Date No. Title Outcome
5/01 HB 847 Authorizes Election Officials to Begin Counting Mail-In Ballots 7 Days Before an Election Bill Passed - House (102 - 99)
4/20 HR 8036 Indo-Pacific Security Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2024 Bill Passed - House (385 - 34)
4/20 HB 24-1349 Authorizes a Ballot Proposal to Establish a 9% Excise Tax on Ammo Vendors, Gun Dealers and Firearms Manufacturers Bill Passed - House (44 - 18)
4/20 HR 8034 Israel Security Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2024 Bill Passed - House (366 - 58)
4/17 HR 4639 Fourth Amendment is Not For Sale Act Bill Passed - House (219 - 199)
4/11 S 382 Puyallup Tribe of Indians Land Into Trust Confirmation Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (301 - 15)
4/02 LD 1578 Requires Adoption of the Interstate Compact to Elect the President of the United States by National Popular Vote Concurrence Vote Passed - House (73 - 72)
3/28 SB 479 Establishes Guidelines to Raise and Standardize Pay for Judges Conference Report Adopted - House (117 - 50)
3/28 HB 1105 Establishes Penalties for Sheriff's that Refuse to Follow Federal Immigration Orders Concurrence Vote Passed - House (99 - 75)
3/28 HB 1207 Requires Proofing of Ballots By Local Superintendents in Certain Races Concurrence Vote Passed - House (100 - 75)
3/28 SB 189 Establishes New Rules and Regulations for Challenging Voter Qualifications Bill Passed - House (101 - 73)
3/27 S 1377 Requires Paid Signature Gatherers to Disclose that They are Being Paid Bill Passed - House (54 - 16)
3/27 HB 2142 Expands Broadband Internet Access for Rural Communities Bill Passed - House (146 - 0)
3/27 HB 2628 Prohibits Distributing False Media Messages for Any Political Candidate within 90 Days of an Election Bill Passed - House (133 - 5)
3/21 HF 2612 Establishes Provisions to Area Educational Agencies Concurrence Vote Passed - House (51 - 43)
3/14 HB 2124 Requires Local Law Enforcement Cooperation with Federal Immigration Authorities Bill Passed - House (74 - 22)
3/12 HR 6276 USE IT Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (217 - 203)
3/11 H 599 Prohibits Ballot Harvesting Bill Passed - House (58 - 11)
3/11 H 599 Prohibits Ballot Harvesting Bill Passed - House (58 - 11)
3/09 SB 624 Rescinds Voter Registration Records for individuals Who Move out of the State or Receive a Driver's License in Another Concurrence Vote Passed - House (96 - 1)
3/09 HB 4350 Repeals State Policy Allowing Individuals to File Candidacy for a Vacant Public Office After the Filing Deadline Concurrence Vote Passed - House (83 - 12)
3/08 HB 4552 Requires Candidates in Partisan Elections to Immediately Verify Their Party Affiliation Concurrence Vote Passed - House (96 - 1)
3/07 SB 1 Prohibits Assistance with Absentee Voting Bill Passed - House (75 - 28)
3/07 HB 1931 Repeals Local Police Policies Bill Passed - House (68 - 24)
3/07 HB 1609 Authorizes Voter Restoration for Individuals Previously Convicted of Non-Violent Felonies Bill Passed - House (96 - 11)
3/06 HB 1338 Authorizes Increased Control Over Meeting Decorum Concurrence Vote Passed - House (58 - 36)
3/06 SB 1533 Requires the Secretary of State Translate Voter Pamphlets into the 10 Most Common Languages in the State Bill Passed - House (45 - 9)
3/06 SF 27 Establishes Public Service Commission Integrated Resource Plans Bill Passed - House (35 - 27)
3/06 HR 3821 Firefighter Cancer Registry Reauthorization Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (413 - 7)
3/06 H Res 1061 Providing for the concurrence by the House in the Senate amendment to H.R. 4366, with an amendment Resolution Passed - House (339 - 85)
3/06 HB 1156 Expands Laws for Polling Places Bill Passed - House (122 - 0)
3/06 HB 1156 Expands Laws for Polling Places Bill Passed - House (122 - 0)
3/05 HB 1244 Authorizes Individuals to Withdraw Their Signatures from Ballot-Question Petitions Concurrence Vote Passed - House (60 - 10)
3/05 SB 1571 Requires Disclosure of AI in Political Campaign Advertisements Bill Passed - House (52 - 3)
3/05 HF 2610 Amends Voter Laws in Iowa Bill Passed - House (62 - 35)
3/05 HF 2612 Establishes Provisions to Area Educational Agencies Bill Passed - House (53 - 41)
3/04 SB 234 Amends Disaster Emergency Powers for the Governor Bill Passed - House (71 - 27)
3/04 HB 622 Repeals the Governor's Authority to Fill a Vacant U.S. Senate Seat and Instead Require a Special Election Bill Passed - House (88 - 4)
3/04 HB 622 Repeals the Governor's Authority to Fill a Vacant U.S. Senate Seat and Instead Require a Special Election Bill Passed - House (88 - 4)
2/29 SB 47 Increases Amount Paid to Counties for Diversion Programs to Keep Juvenile Offenders out of the Justice System Bill Passed - House (56 - 12)
2/29 SB 49 Appropriates $10 Million from Remaining American Rescue Plan Act Funding for Water and Sewer Infrastructure Bill Passed - House (58 - 11)
2/29 HB 2876 Repeals No-Excuse Mail-In Voting Bill Passed - House (31 - 28)
2/29 HB 1105 Establishes Penalties for Sheriff's that Refuse to Follow Federal Immigration Orders Bill Passed - House (97 - 74)
2/29 HR 7463 Extension of Continuing Appropriations and Other Matters Act, 2024 Bill Passed - House (320 - 99)
2/28 SB 268 Authorizes Cities to Create First Home Investment Zones Bill Passed - House (55 - 18)
2/28 HB 89 Expands Childcare Assistance Program Eligibility Bill Passed - House (35 - 5)
2/28 HR 4984 D.C. Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Stadium Campus Revitalization Act Bill Passed - House (348 - 55)
2/27 SB 240 Specifies Daily Calendars for State Elected Officials are No Longer Considered Public Government Records Bill Passed - House (52 - 22)
2/27 SB 240 Specifies Daily Calendars for State Elected Officials are No Longer Considered Public Government Records Bill Passed - House (52 - 22)
2/27 SB 240 Specifies Daily Calendars for State Elected Officials are No Longer Considered Public Government Records Bill Passed - House (52 - 22)
2/26 HB 1061 Appropriates $4.28 Million to the Emergency and Disaster Fund for National Guard Troop Deployment to the Texas Border Bill Passed - House (63 - 5)
2/23 HB 496 Requires the Public Lands Policy Coordinating Office Recognize Multiple Uses and Sustained Yields on Federal Public Lands Bill Passed - House (62 - 4)
2/22 HB 1749 Amends Statutes for Initiative Petitions and Referendums Bill Passed - House (104 - 41)
2/21 HB 11 Limits the Use of "Nonfunctional" Grass in the Construction of New Government Buildings Concurrence Vote Passed - House (59 - 12)
2/20 AJR 112 Prohibits the Governor from Using Partial Veto to Create or Increase any Tax or Fee Joint Resolution Passed - House (64 - 34)
2/15 AJR 109 Prohibits Governments from Giving Preferential Treatment to Staff on the Basis of Race, Sex, or National Origin Joint Resolution Passed - House (62 - 35)
2/14 SB 108 Requires the Election Fund be Reimbursed by the General Fund for All Election Costs Bill Passed - House (59 - 5)
2/14 SB 5 Prohibits Fireams at State Drop Boxes and Polling Places Bill Passed - House (35 - 34)
2/13 H Res 863 Impeaching Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas, Secretary of Homeland Security, for high crimes and misdemeanors Resolution Passed - House (214 - 213)
2/13 SB 171 Prohibits County Commissions from Authorizing Limits that Exceed State Law Regarding Agriculture Bill Passed - House (84 - 16)
2/13 SB 488 Establishes the 2024 State Legislative District Map Bill Passed - House (63 - 33)
2/13 H Res 863 Impeaching Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas, Secretary of Homeland Security, for high crimes and misdemeanors Resolution Passed - House (214 - 213)
2/13 SB 15 Requires State Review of All Healthcare Mergers, Acquisitions, and Other Material Changes Bill Passed - House (47 - 20)
2/12 HB 182 Amends the State Campaign Reporting Act to Require Disclaimers on "Materially Deceptive Media" Bill Passed - House (38 - 28)
2/08 HB 2785 Requires the Department of Administration to Coordinate with State Agencies Concerning Elections Bill Passed - House (56 - 2)
2/06 H Res 863 Impeaching Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas, Secretary of Homeland Security, for high crimes and misdemeanors Resolution Failed - House (214 - 216)
2/06 H Res 863 Impeaching Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas, Secretary of Homeland Security, for high crimes and misdemeanors Resolution Failed - House (214 - 216)
2/05 HJR 19 Establishes the Legislature's support of Sen. Mike Lee's HOUSES Act Joint Resolution Passed - House (60 - 12)
2/02 HB 129 Amends Voter Registration Rules in Alaska Bill Passed - House (33 - 6)
2/01 HR 1209 Authorizes State Disassociation from Council on American-Islamic Relations Resolution Passed - House (98 - 15)
1/30 HB 341 Prohibits Non-Citizens from Voting in an Election Bill Passed - House (81 - 15)
1/26 HB 261 Repeals Diversity Training Programs Across All Public Education and Government Agencies in the State Concurrence Vote Passed - House (60 - 14)
1/25 HB 30 Defines "Antisemitism" into State Law Concurrence Vote Passed - House (129 - 5)
1/24 AB 415 Establishes a 5-Member Advisory Commission to Examine State Legislative District Maps Concurrence Vote Passed - House (63 - 35)
1/24 AB 415 Establishes a 5-Member Advisory Commission to Examine State Legislative District Maps Concurrence Vote Passed - House (63 - 35)
1/24 HCR 11 Prohibits Changes to the State's Constitution Joint Resolution Passed - House (80 - 39)
1/18 HR 2872 Making further continuing appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2024, and for other purposes. Concurrence Vote Passed - House (314 - 108)
1/11 HR 788 Stop Settlement Slush Funds Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (211 - 197)
1/09 HCR 703 Authorizes a Call for a Constitutional Convention to Pass a Balanced Budget Amendment Joint Resolution Passed - House (80 - 33)
1/08 A 5910 Increases Annual Legislature Salaries Starting in 2026 Bill Passed - House (48 - 24)

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