Key Votes

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Vote Smart provides easy access to congressional and state voting records and maintains a collection of key votes grouped by issue. Vote Smart uses the following criteria to select key votes:

  1. The vote should be helpful in portraying how a member stands on a particular issue
  2. The vote should be clear for any person to understand
  3. The vote has received media attention
  4. The vote was passed or defeated by a very close margin
  5. Occasionally, if a specific bill is consistently inquired about on the Voter's Research Hotline, the vote will be added

Vote Smart provides a summary of the version of the bill text associated with each selected key vote. Our summaries are written by Vote Smart's staff and interns, who adhere to our strict policies and procedures in order to guarantee absolute impartiality and accuracy. They do not necessarily reflect the content of the final version of the bill, but rather the version voted on in that stage. While many procedural votes take place before a full chamber vote, our voting stages reflect the final reading of each chamber vote. Each key vote selection is reviewed by the project's community of advisors, who are political scientists and journalists from all fifty states.

For more information about the legislative process, see here.


results per page:
Date State Bill No. Title Outcome
Dec. 14, 2023 National HR 2670 National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024 Conference Report Adopted - House (310 - 118)
Dec. 6, 2023 National HR 5933 DETERRENT Act Bill Passed - House (246 - 170)
Dec. 5, 2023 National H Res 894 Strongly condemning and denouncing the drastic rise of antisemitism in the United States and around the world. Resolution Passed - House (311 - 14)
Nov. 30, 2023 National HR 5961 No Funds for Iranian Terrorism Act Bill Passed - House (307 - 119)
Nov. 30, 2023 National HR 5283 Protecting our Communities from Failure to Secure the Border Act Bill Passed - House (224 - 203)
Nov. 30, 2023 National HR 5961 No Funds for Iranian Terrorism Act Bill Passed - House (307 - 119)
Nov. 28, 2023 National H Res 793 Calling on Hamas to immediately release hostages taken during October 2023 attack on Israel. Resolution Passed - House (414 - 0)
Nov. 28, 2023 National H Res 888 Reaffirming the State of Israel's right to exist. Resolution Passed - House (412 - 1)
Nov. 14, 2023 TX SB 4 Amends State Criminal Code to Establish Illegal Entry Across the Border as a Class B Misdemeanor Bill Passed - House (83 - 61)
Nov. 9, 2023 WI SB 166 Amends Punitive Articles for the Wisconsin Code of Military Justice Concurrence Vote Passed - House (92 - 5)
Nov. 9, 2023 WI SJR 71 Prohibits Non-Citizens from Voting in Any State Primary or General Election Concurrence Vote Passed - House (60 - 34)
Nov. 7, 2023 National H Res 845 Censuring Representative Rashida Tlaib for promoting false narratives regarding the October 7, 2023, Hamas attack on Israel and for calling for the destruction of the state of Israel. Resolution Passed - House (234 - 188)
Nov. 7, 2023 National H Res 845 Censuring Representative Rashida Tlaib for promoting false narratives regarding the October 7, 2023, Hamas attack on Israel and for calling for the destruction of the state of Israel. Resolution Not Tabled - House (208 - 213)
Nov. 3, 2023 National HR 3774 Stop Harboring Iranian Petroleum (SHIP) Act Bill Passed - House (342 - 69)
Nov. 2, 2023 National HR 6126 Israel Security Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2024 Bill Passed - House (226 - 196)
Nov. 2, 2023 National HR 6126 Israel Security Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2024 Bill Passed - House (226 - 196)
Nov. 1, 2023 National HR 340 Hamas International Financing Prevention Act Bill Passed - House (363 - 46)
Nov. 1, 2023 National H Res 559 Declaring it is the policy of the United States that a nuclear Islamic Republic of Iran is not acceptable. Resolution Passed - House (354 - 53)
Nov. 1, 2023 National H Res 559 Declaring it is the policy of the United States that a nuclear Islamic Republic of Iran is not acceptable. Resolution Passed - House (354 - 53)
Nov. 1, 2023 National HR 340 Hamas International Financing Prevention Act Bill Passed - House (363 - 46)
Oct. 26, 2023 TX SB 4 Increases Criminal Penalties for Immigrant Smuggling or Operating a Stash House Bill Passed - House (92 - 54)
Oct. 25, 2023 National H Res 771 Standing with Israel as it defends itself against the barbaric war launched by Hamas and other terrorists. Resolution Passed - House (412 - 10)
Oct. 25, 2023 National H Res 771 Standing with Israel as it defends itself against the barbaric war launched by Hamas and other terrorists. Resolution Passed - House (412 - 10)
Sept. 29, 2023 National HR 5525 Continuing Appropriations and Border Security Enhancement Act, 2024 Bill Failed - House (198 - 232)
Sept. 28, 2023 National HR 4365 Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2024 Bill Passed - House (218 - 210)
Sept. 28, 2023 National HR 4665 Department of State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 2024 Bill Passed - House (216 - 212)
Sept. 28, 2023 National HR 5692 Ukraine Security Assistance and Oversight Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2024 Bill Passed - House (311 - 117)
Sept. 28, 2023 National HR 5692 Ukraine Security Assistance and Oversight Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2024 Bill Passed - House (311 - 117)
Sept. 28, 2023 National HR 4367 Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 2024 Bill Passed - House (220 - 208)
July 27, 2023 National HR 4366 Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2024 Bill Passed - House (219 - 211)
July 19, 2023 National HR 3941 Schools Not Shelters Act Bill Passed - House (222 - 201)
July 18, 2023 LA HB 182 Prohibits Public and Private Schools from Requiring the COVID-19 Vaccine Veto Override Failed - House (69 - 28)
July 18, 2023 LA HB 125 Prohibits Chinese Nationals and Other Foreign Adversaries from Owning Land in the State Veto Override Passed - House (72 - 25)
July 18, 2023 National H Con Res 57 Expressing the sense of Congress supporting the State of Israel Joint Resolution Passed - House (412 - 9)
July 18, 2023 National H Con Res 57 Expressing the sense of Congress supporting the State of Israel Joint Resolution Passed - House (412 - 9)
July 14, 2023 National HR 2670 National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024 Bill Passed - House (219 - 210)
June 26, 2023 PA HB 1067 Authorizes Immigrant Teachers with Valid License Certification and Experience Bill Passed - House (110 - 93)
June 22, 2023 National H Res 461 Condemning the use of elementary and secondary school facilities to provide shelter for aliens who are not admitted to the United States. Resolution Passed - House (223 - 201)
June 15, 2023 OH HB 17 Prohibits State Officials from Using TikTok, WeChat or Other China-Sourced Applications Bill Passed - House (73 - 21)
June 8, 2023 OR HB 2772 Classifies Domestic Terrorism as a Felony Bill Passed - House (49 - 5)
June 6, 2023 LA HB 537 Prohibits the Chinese Government and its Citizens from Purchasing Agricultural Land in the State Concurrence Vote Passed - House (73 - 26)
June 5, 2023 NV SB 419 Establishes State-Funded Insurance for Postpartum Care Bill Passed - House (28 - 14)
May 25, 2023 OK SB 377 Amends Voter Registration Policies and Regulations to Prohibit Undocumented Individuals Conference Report Adopted - House (77 - 18)
May 25, 2023 IL SB 1298 Authorizes Medicaid Healthcare Access to Undocumented Individuals 42 and Older Bill Passed - House (72 - 31)
May 19, 2023 IL HB 3751 Authorizes DACA Recipients to Become Law enforcement Officers Concurrence Vote Passed - House (100 - 7)
May 17, 2023 National HR 2494 POLICE Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (255 - 175)
May 11, 2023 National HR 2 Secure the Border Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (219 - 213)
May 10, 2023 TX HB 7 Authorizes the Creation of State Border Police Bill Passed - House (88 - 56)
May 2, 2023 FL SB 1718 Amends Various State Immigration Laws, Policies, and Restrictions Bill Passed - House (83 - 36)
April 26, 2023 OK SB 212 Prohibits Non-Citizens from Owning Certain Property Bill Passed - House (78 - 6)
April 11, 2023 ND HB 1135 Prohibits Foreign Governments from Buying Agricultural Land in North Dakota Concurrence Vote Passed - House (90 - 1)
April 6, 2023 ND SB 2142 Establishes a State Immigration Office to Help Companies Recruit and Retain Foreign Workers Bill Passed - House (64 - 28)
March 23, 2023 IL HB 3882 Authorizes Undocumented Immigrants to Obtain a Standardized Illinois Driver's License Bill Passed - House (67 - 35)
March 10, 2023 National S 619 COVID-19 Origin Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (419 - 0)
March 7, 2023 AZ HB 2613 Requires 100% of a Voting Machine be Manufactured in the United States Bill Passed - House (31 - 29)
March 2, 2023 WV HB 3307 Establishing the West Virginia-Ireland Trade Commission Concurrence Vote Passed - House (87 - 10)
March 2, 2023 MO HB 903 Limits Amount of Farmland Foreign Countries Can Own Bill Passed - House (130 - 3)
Feb. 27, 2023 CO HB 23-1100 Prohibits Government Participation in Civil Immigration Detention Bill Passed - House (41 - 22)
Feb. 24, 2023 VA SB 1188 Classifies Fentanyl as a "Weapons of Terrorism" and a Class 4 Felony Conference Report Adopted - House (50 - 42)
Feb. 21, 2023 AZ HB 2474 Prohibits Schools from Requiring Students Receive Vaccines Approved via Emergency Authorization Bill Passed - House (31 - 28)
Feb. 16, 2023 SD HB 1235 Authorizes a COVID-19 Vaccine Conscience Exemption Bill Failed - House (30 - 39)
Feb. 14, 2023 NY S 819 Requires Food Allergy Awareness be Posted in Non-English Languages Bill Passed - House (97 - 44)
Feb. 10, 2023 FL SB 6-B Establishes Unauthorized Alien Transport Program Bill Passed - House (77 - 34)
Feb. 9, 2023 National H Res 104 Condemning the Chinese Communist Party's use of a high-altitude surveillance balloon over United States territory as a brazen violation of United States sovereignty Resolution Passed - House (419 - 0)
Feb. 8, 2023 National HR 185 To terminate the requirement imposed by the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for proof of COVID-19 vaccination for foreign travelers, and for other purposes. Bill Passed - House (227 - 201)
Feb. 3, 2023 VA HB 2385 Prohibits Use of TikTok on Government-Issued Devices Bill Passed - House (53 - 45)
Feb. 3, 2023 VA HB 2385 Prohibits Use of TikTok on Government-Issued Devices Bill Passed - House (53 - 45)
Feb. 1, 2023 National H J Res 7 Relating to a national emergency declared by the President on March 13, 2020 Joint Resolution Passed - House (229 - 197)
Jan. 31, 2023 National HR 497 Freedom for Health Care Workers Act Bill Passed - House (227 - 203)
Jan. 31, 2023 National HR 382 Pandemic is Over Act Bill Passed - House (220 - 210)
Jan. 30, 2023 MN HF 4 Authorizes Undocumented Residents to Obtain a State Drivers License Bill Passed - House (69 - 60)
Jan. 12, 2023 National HR 22 Protecting America's Strategic Petroleum Reserve from China Act Bill Passed - House (331 - 97)
Jan. 10, 2023 National H Res 11 Establishing the Select Committee on the Strategic Competition Between the United States and the Chinese Communist Party Resolution Passed - House (365 - 65)
Jan. 10, 2023 National H Res 11 Establishing the Select Committee on the Strategic Competition Between the United States and the Chinese Communist Party Resolution Passed - House (365 - 65)
Jan. 10, 2023 National H Res 12 Establishing a Select Subcommittee on the Weaponization of the Federal Government as a select investigative subcommittee of the Committee on the Judiciary Resolution Passed - House (221 - 211)
Date No. Title Outcome
12/14 HR 2670 National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024 Conference Report Adopted - House (310 - 118)
12/06 HR 5933 DETERRENT Act Bill Passed - House (246 - 170)
12/05 H Res 894 Strongly condemning and denouncing the drastic rise of antisemitism in the United States and around the world. Resolution Passed - House (311 - 14)
11/30 HR 5961 No Funds for Iranian Terrorism Act Bill Passed - House (307 - 119)
11/30 HR 5283 Protecting our Communities from Failure to Secure the Border Act Bill Passed - House (224 - 203)
11/30 HR 5961 No Funds for Iranian Terrorism Act Bill Passed - House (307 - 119)
11/28 H Res 793 Calling on Hamas to immediately release hostages taken during October 2023 attack on Israel. Resolution Passed - House (414 - 0)
11/28 H Res 888 Reaffirming the State of Israel's right to exist. Resolution Passed - House (412 - 1)
11/14 SB 4 Amends State Criminal Code to Establish Illegal Entry Across the Border as a Class B Misdemeanor Bill Passed - House (83 - 61)
11/09 SB 166 Amends Punitive Articles for the Wisconsin Code of Military Justice Concurrence Vote Passed - House (92 - 5)
11/09 SJR 71 Prohibits Non-Citizens from Voting in Any State Primary or General Election Concurrence Vote Passed - House (60 - 34)
11/07 H Res 845 Censuring Representative Rashida Tlaib for promoting false narratives regarding the October 7, 2023, Hamas attack on Israel and for calling for the destruction of the state of Israel. Resolution Passed - House (234 - 188)
11/07 H Res 845 Censuring Representative Rashida Tlaib for promoting false narratives regarding the October 7, 2023, Hamas attack on Israel and for calling for the destruction of the state of Israel. Resolution Not Tabled - House (208 - 213)
11/03 HR 3774 Stop Harboring Iranian Petroleum (SHIP) Act Bill Passed - House (342 - 69)
11/02 HR 6126 Israel Security Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2024 Bill Passed - House (226 - 196)
11/02 HR 6126 Israel Security Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2024 Bill Passed - House (226 - 196)
11/01 HR 340 Hamas International Financing Prevention Act Bill Passed - House (363 - 46)
11/01 H Res 559 Declaring it is the policy of the United States that a nuclear Islamic Republic of Iran is not acceptable. Resolution Passed - House (354 - 53)
11/01 H Res 559 Declaring it is the policy of the United States that a nuclear Islamic Republic of Iran is not acceptable. Resolution Passed - House (354 - 53)
11/01 HR 340 Hamas International Financing Prevention Act Bill Passed - House (363 - 46)
10/26 SB 4 Increases Criminal Penalties for Immigrant Smuggling or Operating a Stash House Bill Passed - House (92 - 54)
10/25 H Res 771 Standing with Israel as it defends itself against the barbaric war launched by Hamas and other terrorists. Resolution Passed - House (412 - 10)
10/25 H Res 771 Standing with Israel as it defends itself against the barbaric war launched by Hamas and other terrorists. Resolution Passed - House (412 - 10)
9/29 HR 5525 Continuing Appropriations and Border Security Enhancement Act, 2024 Bill Failed - House (198 - 232)
9/28 HR 4365 Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2024 Bill Passed - House (218 - 210)
9/28 HR 4665 Department of State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs Appropriations Act, 2024 Bill Passed - House (216 - 212)
9/28 HR 5692 Ukraine Security Assistance and Oversight Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2024 Bill Passed - House (311 - 117)
9/28 HR 5692 Ukraine Security Assistance and Oversight Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2024 Bill Passed - House (311 - 117)
9/28 HR 4367 Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 2024 Bill Passed - House (220 - 208)
7/27 HR 4366 Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2024 Bill Passed - House (219 - 211)
7/19 HR 3941 Schools Not Shelters Act Bill Passed - House (222 - 201)
7/18 HB 182 Prohibits Public and Private Schools from Requiring the COVID-19 Vaccine Veto Override Failed - House (69 - 28)
7/18 HB 125 Prohibits Chinese Nationals and Other Foreign Adversaries from Owning Land in the State Veto Override Passed - House (72 - 25)
7/18 H Con Res 57 Expressing the sense of Congress supporting the State of Israel Joint Resolution Passed - House (412 - 9)
7/18 H Con Res 57 Expressing the sense of Congress supporting the State of Israel Joint Resolution Passed - House (412 - 9)
7/14 HR 2670 National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024 Bill Passed - House (219 - 210)
6/26 HB 1067 Authorizes Immigrant Teachers with Valid License Certification and Experience Bill Passed - House (110 - 93)
6/22 H Res 461 Condemning the use of elementary and secondary school facilities to provide shelter for aliens who are not admitted to the United States. Resolution Passed - House (223 - 201)
6/15 HB 17 Prohibits State Officials from Using TikTok, WeChat or Other China-Sourced Applications Bill Passed - House (73 - 21)
6/08 HB 2772 Classifies Domestic Terrorism as a Felony Bill Passed - House (49 - 5)
6/06 HB 537 Prohibits the Chinese Government and its Citizens from Purchasing Agricultural Land in the State Concurrence Vote Passed - House (73 - 26)
6/05 SB 419 Establishes State-Funded Insurance for Postpartum Care Bill Passed - House (28 - 14)
5/25 SB 377 Amends Voter Registration Policies and Regulations to Prohibit Undocumented Individuals Conference Report Adopted - House (77 - 18)
5/25 SB 1298 Authorizes Medicaid Healthcare Access to Undocumented Individuals 42 and Older Bill Passed - House (72 - 31)
5/19 HB 3751 Authorizes DACA Recipients to Become Law enforcement Officers Concurrence Vote Passed - House (100 - 7)
5/17 HR 2494 POLICE Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (255 - 175)
5/11 HR 2 Secure the Border Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (219 - 213)
5/10 HB 7 Authorizes the Creation of State Border Police Bill Passed - House (88 - 56)
5/02 SB 1718 Amends Various State Immigration Laws, Policies, and Restrictions Bill Passed - House (83 - 36)
4/26 SB 212 Prohibits Non-Citizens from Owning Certain Property Bill Passed - House (78 - 6)
4/11 HB 1135 Prohibits Foreign Governments from Buying Agricultural Land in North Dakota Concurrence Vote Passed - House (90 - 1)
4/06 SB 2142 Establishes a State Immigration Office to Help Companies Recruit and Retain Foreign Workers Bill Passed - House (64 - 28)
3/23 HB 3882 Authorizes Undocumented Immigrants to Obtain a Standardized Illinois Driver's License Bill Passed - House (67 - 35)
3/10 S 619 COVID-19 Origin Act of 2023 Bill Passed - House (419 - 0)
3/07 HB 2613 Requires 100% of a Voting Machine be Manufactured in the United States Bill Passed - House (31 - 29)
3/02 HB 3307 Establishing the West Virginia-Ireland Trade Commission Concurrence Vote Passed - House (87 - 10)
3/02 HB 903 Limits Amount of Farmland Foreign Countries Can Own Bill Passed - House (130 - 3)
2/27 HB 23-1100 Prohibits Government Participation in Civil Immigration Detention Bill Passed - House (41 - 22)
2/24 SB 1188 Classifies Fentanyl as a "Weapons of Terrorism" and a Class 4 Felony Conference Report Adopted - House (50 - 42)
2/21 HB 2474 Prohibits Schools from Requiring Students Receive Vaccines Approved via Emergency Authorization Bill Passed - House (31 - 28)
2/16 HB 1235 Authorizes a COVID-19 Vaccine Conscience Exemption Bill Failed - House (30 - 39)
2/14 S 819 Requires Food Allergy Awareness be Posted in Non-English Languages Bill Passed - House (97 - 44)
2/10 SB 6-B Establishes Unauthorized Alien Transport Program Bill Passed - House (77 - 34)
2/09 H Res 104 Condemning the Chinese Communist Party's use of a high-altitude surveillance balloon over United States territory as a brazen violation of United States sovereignty Resolution Passed - House (419 - 0)
2/08 HR 185 To terminate the requirement imposed by the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for proof of COVID-19 vaccination for foreign travelers, and for other purposes. Bill Passed - House (227 - 201)
2/03 HB 2385 Prohibits Use of TikTok on Government-Issued Devices Bill Passed - House (53 - 45)
2/03 HB 2385 Prohibits Use of TikTok on Government-Issued Devices Bill Passed - House (53 - 45)
2/01 H J Res 7 Relating to a national emergency declared by the President on March 13, 2020 Joint Resolution Passed - House (229 - 197)
1/31 HR 497 Freedom for Health Care Workers Act Bill Passed - House (227 - 203)
1/31 HR 382 Pandemic is Over Act Bill Passed - House (220 - 210)
1/30 HF 4 Authorizes Undocumented Residents to Obtain a State Drivers License Bill Passed - House (69 - 60)
1/12 HR 22 Protecting America's Strategic Petroleum Reserve from China Act Bill Passed - House (331 - 97)
1/10 H Res 11 Establishing the Select Committee on the Strategic Competition Between the United States and the Chinese Communist Party Resolution Passed - House (365 - 65)
1/10 H Res 11 Establishing the Select Committee on the Strategic Competition Between the United States and the Chinese Communist Party Resolution Passed - House (365 - 65)
1/10 H Res 12 Establishing a Select Subcommittee on the Weaponization of the Federal Government as a select investigative subcommittee of the Committee on the Judiciary Resolution Passed - House (221 - 211)

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